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Spur Gears

A SPUR GEAR is cylindrical in shape, with teeth on the outer circumference that are straight and parallel to the axis (hole). These are the most common type of gears. Sometimes, many spur gears are used at once to create very large gear reductions. These gears can only mesh correctly if they are fitted to parallel axles. Their advantages are simplicity in design, economical to manufacture and absence of end thrust on bearings. They impose only radial loads on the bearings. These are usually known as slow speed gears but if noise is not a serious design problem, these can be used at almost any speed which can be handled by either types of gears.

They give lower but satisfactory performance. They are used when shaft rotates in the same plane. The most usual arrangement of spur gears is an external gear and pinion combination, but if center distance is to be reduced, than internal gear and external pinion combination is used.

Features:-

They have higher contact ratio that makes them smooth and quiet in operation. They are available for corrosion resistant operation. They are among the most cost-effective type of gearing. They are also used to create large gear reductions.

Application:-

They are used in simple machines like washing machines, clothes dryer or power winches. They are also used in construction equipment, machine tools, indexing equipment, multi spindle drives, roller feeds, and conveyors. They are not used in automobiles because they produce sound when the teeth of both the gears collide with each other. It also increases stress on the gear teeth. To reduce the noise and stress in the gears helical gears are used in place of spur gear.

Internal Gears

Internal Gears have their teeth cut parallel to their shafts like spur gears, but they are cut on the
inside of the gear blank.

There are a number of variations of the basic spur gear, including pinion wire, stem pinions, racks and internal gears.

Pinion Wire	Pinion Wire is a long wire or rod that has been drawn through a die so that gear teeth are cut into its surface. It can be made into small gears with different face widths, hubs, and bores.
Stem Pinion	Stem Pinions are bore-less spur gears with small numbers of teeth cut on the end of a ground piece of shaft. They are especially suited as pinions when large reductions are desired.
Racks	Racks are yet another type of spur gear. Unlike the basic spur gear, racks have their teeth cut into the surface of a straight bar instead of on the surface of a cylindrical blank.

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