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Type of Couplings

There are two basic classes of couplings:-

1. Rigid Coupling
2. Flexible Couplings

Rigid Slip Couplings

Rigid Coupling

This type of coupling has no flexibility or resilience, hence it is necessary for the shafts that are
to be connected to be in good alignment, both laterally and angularity, in order excessive loads
on the coupling, on the shafts, or on the shaft bearings.

Rigid couplings do not accommodate misalignment and consequently should not be used
indiscriminately.

Types of Rigid Couplings:-

1.1 Sleeve or muff coupling
1.2 Clamp coupling
1.3 Flange coupling

1.1 Sleeve or muff coupling

Sleeve or Muff Coupling

It is the simplest type of rigid coupling, made of cast iron. It consists of a hollow cylinder whose inner
diameter is the same as that of the shaft. It is fitted over the ends of the two shafts by means of a gib
head key. The power is transmitted from one haft to the other shaft by means of a key and a sleeve. It is, therefore, necessary that all the elements must be strong enough to transmit the torque.

1.2 Clamp coupling
Clamp coupling is sometimes called a compression coupling or a ribbed coupling. Clamp coupling is a modification and a improvement of the sleeve coupling. This coupling is made in two parts which are machined to fit the shaft and are finished off around the periphery and on both ends. The two halves of the coupling are clamped tightly against the surface of the shaft ends by through bolts and the entire torsional moment is transmitted entirely by friction.

1.3 Flange coupling

A flange coupling usually applies to a coupling having two separate cast iron flanges. Each flange is mounted on the shaft end and keyed to it. The faces are turned up at right angle to the axis of the shaft. One of the flange has a projected portion and the other flange has a corresponding recess. This helps to bring the shafts into line and to maintain alignment. The two flanges are coupled together by means of bolts and nuts. The flange coupling is adopted to heavy loads and hence it is used on large shafting. The flange couplings are of the following types:-

a) Unprotected type flange coupling
b) Protected type flange coupling
c) Marine type flange coupling

a) Unprotected type flange coupling:- In an unprotected type flange coupling each shaft is keyed to the boss of a flange with a counter sunk key, and the flange are coupled together by means of bolts. Generally, three, four or six bolts are used. The keys are staggered at right angle along the circumference of the shafts in order to divide the weakening effect caused by key ways.

b) Protected type flange coupling:- In a protected type flange coupling the protruding bolts and nuts are protected by flanges on the two halves of the coupling, in order to avoid danger to the workman.

c) Marine type flange coupling:- In a marine type flange coupling, the flanges are forged integral with the shafts. The flanges are held together by means of tapered headless bolts numbering from four to twelve depending upon the diameter of shaft.

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